The previous follow-up studies on the sequelae in COVID-19 survivors were mostly performed 1–6 months after recovery ( 5, 7, 8). Previous studies reported that discharged COVID-19 patients had multiple health issues, such as persistent symptoms, impaired pulmonary function, chest CT abnormalities, anxiety, depression, and a decreased quality of life ( 4– 6). Therefore, long-term follow-up studies to assess the sequelae in COVID-19 survivors are urgently needed to improve the prognosis and survival ( 3). Despite the high mortality rate of COVID-19, most patients recovered from acute infection. As of July 7, 2021, there were more than 180 million COVID-19 cases and over 3 million deaths worldwide, posing a tremendous burden on the health care systems ( 2). On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the outbreak of COVID-19 a pandemic ( 1). Since December 2019, Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been spreading around the world. Therefore, conducting follow-ups and preventing the reinfection of SARS-CoV-2 in this group is necessary. Moreover, non-severe cases also showed some sequelae and the proportion of IgG negative cases in the non-severe patients was higher than that in severe cases. Furthermore, there was a correlation between all the SF-36-domain scores and the duration of hospitalization, pulmonary function, and a 6MWT.Ĭonclusions: At the nearly 1-year follow-up, COVID-19 survivors still had multi-system issues, including those in the respiratory functioning, radiography, quality of life, and anxiety and depression. A total of 55 (56.7%) out of the 97 patients showed abnormal CT findings, including ground-glass opacities (GGO), bronchiectasis, nodules, lines and bands, and fibrosis. The values of forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), FVC/FEV1, vital capacity (VC), total lung capacity (TLC), and residual volume (RV) were less than the normal range in 1.7, 8.6, 0.9, 11.2, 7.0, and 0.9% of the patients, respectively. Pulmonary diffusion impairment was reported in 30 (26.1%) out of 115 patients, and 24 (24.2%) out of the 99 non-severe cases. And 18.3% of the patients showed negative results in the IgG test at the follow-up, which correlated with the severity of the infection ( R = 0.203, p = 0.026), and the proportion of IgG negative cases in non-severe COVID-19 patients was higher than that in the severe cases (20.2 vs. A total of 50 (41.7%) and 45 (37.5%) patients reported anxiety and depression, respectively. Sleep difficulties, shortness of breath, fatigue, and joint pain were common symptoms observed during follow-up and nearly one-third of the non-severe cases had these symptoms. The follow-up study was performed between Novemand January 11, 2021, and the median time between the diagnosis and the follow-up was 314.5 (IQR, 296–338) days. Of the 120 patients, 104 (86.7%) were cases of non-severe COVID-19. Results: The mean age of the study population was 51.6 ± 10.8 years. Also, pulmonary function test, chest CT, 6-min walking test (6MWT), routine blood test, liver and kidney function tests, fasting blood glucose test, lipid test, and immunoglobulin G antibody test were performed to evaluate their health.
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All participants were asked to complete a series of questionnaires to assess their symptoms and quality of life and for psychological evaluation. Methods: We enrolled 120 patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 discharged from Wuhan Union hospital west district (designated hospital for COVID-19) and Fangcang shelter hospitals between Januand April 1, 2020. The current study aimed to assess the sequelae of COVID-19 in patients nearly 1 year after diagnosis with a particular focus on the recovery of patients with non-severe COVID-19. However, most studies on the sequelae in COVID-19 patients focused on severe cases and the long-term follow-up studies on the health consequences in non-severe cases are limited. 4Department of Medical Engineering, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Chinaīackground: A previous study has shown that 81% of the COVID-19 patients had mild or moderate symptoms.3Department of Emergency, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.2Department of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.1Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.Fangyuan Zhou 1 †, Meihui Tao 2 †, Luorui Shang 1 †, Yuhan Liu 1, Guangtao Pan 1, Yan Jin 3, Li Wang 3, Shaoke Hu 4, Jinxiao Li 1, Mengqi Zhang 1, Yu Fu 2 * and Shenglan Yang 1 *
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